Works Cited
McNeil, Joanne. Outlaw Art. New York, 2009. http://silk.library.umass.edu:2048/login?url=http:search.ebscohost.comlogin.aspxdirect=true&db=aph&AN=37011565&site=ehost-live&scope=site
The article discusses the laws and legislations related to grafitti and the freedom of expression therein. It is reported that graffiti writers talked not to write graffiti on churches, private property and on people's houses, which complicates the traditional objection to graffiti. The book "Graffiti Lives: Beyond the Tag in New York's Urban Underground" by Gregory Snyder explored how graffiti evolved even when police of New York City cracked down on unauthorized art. I used this to learn more about graffiti.
Grant, CM. Graffiti: Taking a Closer Look. April, 2009. http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=164555
Much of the graffiti in the United States, both urban and rural, contains messages of hatred, racism, and gang warfare, public attitudes toward graffiti tend to fluctuate between indifference and intolerance. People aren’t sure what to think, and this article outlines that. Police aren’t sure how to handle the graffiti issue, either. It also talks about the different types of graffiti which ranges from gang to junk.
Weisel, Deborah Lamm. Graffiti. August, 2004. http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/files/RIC/Publications/e07042448.pdf
This is a guide written by cops for cops. It is comprehensive about every aspect of the “crime”, and has lots of interesting facts which I can use. It talks about the problems of graffiti and also the factors which contribute to it. It talks about the “victims” and also the normal people who turn into the offenders. It gives suggestions on how to deal with it, and ways to reduce the occurrence of it and ways to increase the difficulty of offending.
New York Times (Diane Cardwell). Metro Briefing | New York: Manhattan: Stricter Graffiti Law Planned. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4&hid=102&sid=c5ee6811-a62f-4829-aa55-29380cadb09%40SRCSM2&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=aph&AN=29089369
This discusses how Bloomberg wanted to make the graffiti laws of Manhattan much more strict. This included restrictions on spray paint, and spray paint tips. This also included increasing the fines and cracking down on hardware stores selling spray paint to minors. He said that nothing made a neighborhood look bad like graffiti.
Bomb It. Dir. Jon Reiss. DVD. ITunes, 2007.
This film provides the most up to date information on the world of graffiti as it is today. They interview artists from 5 continents and they tell the world of graffiti like it is. This source is great to use to compare styles of the whole world and to see how graffiti has changed. Comparing this movie to Style Wars is interesting to see the evolution of the culture throughout time.
Tough New Anti-Graffiti Laws. Feb 21, 2009. Youtube. Video. Apr 11, 2009 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsyaqBq0m-o
I really only used this video to educate myself further. I heard about these new laws several years back and while I was doing research I found this video. I think it is a very good example of law enforcement fighting the spread of graffiti and the measures they will go to in order to stomp out this movement.
"Battle Line on Graffiti is Shifting." LexisNexis Academic. W.E.B DuBois Library, Amherst. 2 Apr. 2009 <http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/results/docview/docview.dodocLinkInd=true&risb=21_T6272075246&format
=GNBFI&sort=RELEVANCE&startDocNo=1&resultsUrlKey=29_T6272075249&cisb=22_T6272075248&treeMax=true&treeW
idth=0&csi=6742&docNo=1>.
This Article first appeared in The New York Times during the height of the graffiti era in that city. At the time of publication, it was almost impossible to go anywhere in new york without seeing graffiti everywhere. This article talks about how graffiti is slowly moving away from subway systems and onto the streets and walls. They also mention the changing laws and efforts of the law to crack down on painting.
Ganz, Nicholas. Graffiti World Street Art from Five Continents. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2004.
This book talks about graffiti's origins which were in NYC, as well as voices several artist's opinions on the matter. I used this to educate myself about the pro-graffiti movement, and I drew many good ideas from this book. It talked about graffiti on all 5 continents, but focused on the United States, especially New York, which is where it all began.